Stage 1 - Cook the Pasta and Make the Dressing Simultaneously
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil and cook the rotini according to package directions, usually 8–9 minutes for al dente. While the pasta cooks, use that window efficiently: chop the bell pepper, slice the cherry tomatoes and olives, slice the red onion, and chop the parsley.
Make the vinaigrette at the same time: add the olive oil, balsamic vinegar, lemon juice (or apple cider vinegar), Dijon mustard, salt, and pepper to your mason jar. Seal and shake vigorously for about 20 seconds until fully combined and emulsified. Set aside.
Stage 2 - Drain, Cool, and Combine
Drain the pasta according to package directions, then run it under cold water to stop the cooking and bring it down to room temperature quickly. This step matters warm pasta wilts the fresh vegetables and can make the dressing absorb unevenly.
Add all the pasta salad ingredients - the cooled rotini, bell pepper, cherry tomatoes, parsley, black olives, and red onion to your large mixing bowl. Shake the vinaigrette one more time right before pouring (it separates quickly while sitting), then pour it over the pasta and stir to combine thoroughly.
Taste and adjust - add more salt or a splash more acid if it needs brightening. You can eat it right away, or let it sit for about 30 minutes to let the flavors meld even further.