Step 1- Prep the Mushrooms
Separate the mushroom caps from the stems. Finely chop the stems, and if you've got a few tiny mushrooms in the mix, chop those up too and toss them into the stuffing pile. Don't throw the stems away they're doing a lot of flavor work later.
Step 2- Build Your Walnut Base
Toss the walnuts, garlic powder, onion powder, nutritional yeast, half a teaspoon each of rosemary and oregano, salt, and pepper into your food processor or blender. Pulse until it looks like coarse crumbs. Set that aside; you'll need it soon.
Preheat your oven to 400°F (205°C) while you're at it. Getting the oven going early saves you from standing around later wondering why nothing's crisping up.
Step 3- Sauté the Aromatics
In your skillet or wok, warm the olive oil, then add the garlic and onions. Season with salt and pepper, and sauté over medium heat for 2–3 minutes until the onions soften up. Your kitchen should smell amazing at this point. If it doesn't, something's gone wrong.
Step 4- Add the Mushroom Stems and Herbs
Stir in the chopped mushroom stems along with the remaining teaspoon each of rosemary and oregano. If you're using the white wine, pour it in now and let it cook off. Quick tip: if you're on a gas stove, turn the flame down or off while adding the wine, then bring it back to medium once it's in the pan. Safety first, flavor second.
Stir in the red pepper flakes here too, if you're using them. This is where the filling starts smelling like something you'd pay good money for at a restaurant.
Step 5- Combine Everything
Add your walnut mixture and the panko breadcrumbs into the skillet, and mix it all together well. Sauté for another couple of minutes, then taste and adjust the seasoning add more salt or pepper if it needs it. Stir in the parsley and lemon zest, if using, right at the end.
Honestly, this step is where I usually end up eating a spoonful "for quality control." No shame.
Step 6- Stuff and Bake
Arrange your mushroom caps on the baking sheet. Using a spoon, mound the filling generously into each cap. Don't be shy about piling it high; that stuffing is the star here.
Bake for 20 minutes, or until the tops turn golden and slightly crispy. Pull them out, let them cool for a couple of minutes (patience, I know), and serve.